Diseases

Which of the following diseases is not caused by virus? (BPSC 66th Prelims)
a) Dengue
b) AIDS
c) Tuberculosis
d) Measles
Answer: c
Explanation: Tuberculosis is caused by a bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, not a virus.
Which vitamin deficiency causes night blindness? (BPSC 65th Prelims)
a) Vitamin B
b) Vitamin A
c) Vitamin C
d) Vitamin D
Answer: b
Explanation: Night blindness is caused by deficiency of Vitamin A.
AIDS is caused by: (UPSC Prelims 2011)
a) Bacteria
b) Protozoa
c) Virus
d) Fungus
Answer: c
Explanation: AIDS is caused by the HIV virus, which attacks the immune system.
Malaria is caused by: (BPSC 60–62nd Prelims)
a) Virus
b) Bacteria
c) Fungus
d) Protozoa
Answer: d
Explanation: Malaria is caused by Plasmodium, a protozoan parasite transmitted by Anopheles mosquito.
Which one of the following diseases is caused by a protozoan? (UPSC Prelims 2013)
a) Typhoid
b) Malaria
c) Cholera
d) Tuberculosis
Answer: b
Explanation: Malaria is caused by protozoa of the genus Plasmodium.
Goitre is caused by deficiency of: (BPSC 64th Prelims)
a) Iron
b) Iodine
c) Zinc
d) Calcium
Answer: b
Explanation: Iodine deficiency leads to enlargement of the thyroid gland, known as goitre.
Which of the following is a water-borne disease? (UPSC Prelims 2014)
a) Malaria
b) Tuberculosis
c) Cholera
d) AIDS
Answer: c
Explanation: Cholera is caused by Vibrio cholerae bacteria and spreads through contaminated water.
Which organ is affected by Jaundice? (BPSC 68th Prelims)
a) Kidney
b) Heart
c) Liver
d) Lungs
Answer: c
Explanation: Jaundice is a liver disorder where bilirubin accumulates in the body, causing yellowing of skin.
Beriberi is caused by deficiency of: (UPPSC 2015)
a) Vitamin B1
b) Vitamin C
c) Vitamin D
d) Vitamin A
Answer: a
Explanation: Beriberi is caused by deficiency of Vitamin B1 (Thiamine).
Which disease is caused due to genetic disorder? (BPSC 67th Prelims)
a) Sickle cell anemia
b) Malaria
c) Typhoid
d) Leprosy
Answer: a
Explanation: Sickle cell anemia is a hereditary disease caused by a mutation in the hemoglobin gene.

NCERT-Based Questions (Q11–30)

Which of the following diseases is caused by a virus?
a) Tuberculosis
b) Chickenpox
c) Typhoid
d) Cholera
Answer: b
Explanation: Chickenpox is a viral disease caused by varicella-zoster virus.
Which of the following is a bacterial disease?
a) Measles
b) Polio
c) Typhoid
d) Influenza
Answer: c
Explanation: Typhoid is caused by Salmonella typhi, a type of bacteria.
Which of these diseases is sexually transmitted?
a) Malaria
b) Syphilis
c) Dengue
d) Cholera
Answer: b
Explanation: Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum.
Which of the following diseases spreads through contaminated food and water?
a) AIDS
b) Hepatitis A
c) Influenza
d) Measles
Answer: b
Explanation: Hepatitis A is spread through ingestion of contaminated food or water.
Which disease is known as "White Plague"?
a) Tuberculosis
b) Cholera
c) Leprosy
d) Typhoid
Answer: a
Explanation: Tuberculosis was historically called "White Plague" due to its deadly nature and pale appearance of patients.
Which of these diseases is not communicable?
a) Typhoid
b) Diabetes
c) Cholera
d) Influenza
Answer: b
Explanation: Diabetes is a metabolic, non-communicable disease.
Rabies is transmitted through:
a) Air
b) Water
c) Mosquito bite
d) Animal bite
Answer: d
Explanation: Rabies virus is transmitted through the bite of infected animals, especially dogs.
Which disease affects the respiratory system?
a) Malaria
b) Typhoid
c) Tuberculosis
d) Cholera
Answer: c
Explanation: Tuberculosis primarily affects the lungs and respiratory system.
Which organ is affected by Hepatitis?
a) Kidney
b) Liver
c) Heart
d) Brain
Answer: b
Explanation: Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver.
What is the causative agent of Dengue?
a) Bacteria
b) Virus
c) Protozoa
d) Fungus
Answer: b
Explanation: Dengue is caused by a virus transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes.
What is the mode of transmission for Influenza?
a) Blood transfusion
b) Contaminated water
c) Airborne droplets
d) Mosquito bite
Answer: c
Explanation: Influenza spreads through respiratory droplets from coughing and sneezing.
Leprosy is also known as:
a) Hansen's disease
b) Koch’s disease
c) Addison’s disease
d) Grave’s disease
Answer: a
Explanation: Leprosy is also called Hansen’s disease, caused by Mycobacterium leprae.
Which deficiency leads to scurvy?
a) Vitamin A
b) Vitamin B12
c) Vitamin C
d) Vitamin D
Answer: c
Explanation: Scurvy is caused by deficiency of Vitamin C.
Ringworm is a disease caused by:
a) Virus
b) Bacteria
c) Protozoa
d) Fungus
Answer: d
Explanation: Ringworm is a fungal infection of the skin.
Polio affects:
a) Heart
b) Lungs
c) Nervous system
d) Liver
Answer: c
Explanation: Polio affects the central nervous system and can cause paralysis.
Which of the following is a degenerative disease?
a) Alzheimer’s
b) Cholera
c) Tuberculosis
d) Typhoid
Answer: a
Explanation: Alzheimer’s is a neurodegenerative disease affecting memory and cognitive function.
Which part of the body is affected by conjunctivitis?
a) Ear
b) Nose
c) Eye
d) Throat
Answer: c
Explanation: Conjunctivitis is an eye infection causing redness and swelling.
Which deficiency causes rickets in children?
a) Iron
b) Calcium
c) Vitamin D
d) Zinc
Answer: c
Explanation: Rickets is caused by Vitamin D deficiency, leading to weak bones in children.
Which of these diseases is vector-borne?
a) Polio
b) Tuberculosis
c) Dengue
d) Hepatitis
Answer: c
Explanation: Dengue is spread by the Aedes mosquito, making it a vector-borne disease.
The most effective method of preventing infectious diseases is:
a) Antibiotics
b) Surgery
c) Vaccination
d) Bed rest
Answer: c
Explanation: Vaccination builds immunity and is the most effective prevention method for many infectious diseases.

Predicted/Reference Book-Based Questions (Q31–50)

Which mosquito transmits the Dengue virus?
a) Anopheles
b) Aedes aegypti
c) Culex
d) Tsetse fly
Answer: b
Explanation: Aedes aegypti is the primary vector for Dengue virus transmission.
Which disease is caused by Salmonella bacteria?
a) Tuberculosis
b) Typhoid
c) Cholera
d) Tetanus
Answer: b
Explanation: Typhoid is caused by the Salmonella typhi bacterium.
Which disease is caused by deficiency of insulin?
a) Hypertension
b) Diabetes mellitus
c) Goitre
d) Asthma
Answer: b
Explanation: Diabetes mellitus occurs when insulin is not produced or used effectively.
Which protozoan causes sleeping sickness?
a) Giardia
b) Plasmodium
c) Entamoeba
d) Trypanosoma
Answer: d
Explanation: Sleeping sickness is caused by Trypanosoma, transmitted by the tsetse fly.
Who discovered the tuberculosis bacterium?
a) Louis Pasteur
b) Robert Koch
c) Edward Jenner
d) Alexander Fleming
Answer: b
Explanation: Robert Koch discovered Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB.
Which of the following diseases is caused by a prion?
a) Mad cow disease
b) Typhoid
c) Influenza
d) Polio
Answer: a
Explanation: Mad cow disease (BSE) is caused by prions, misfolded proteins that affect the brain.
Kala-azar is transmitted by:
a) Aedes mosquito
b) Sandfly
c) Housefly
d) Culex mosquito
Answer: b
Explanation: Kala-azar is caused by Leishmania donovani and transmitted by sandflies.
Which of the following is an autoimmune disease?
a) Asthma
b) Diabetes type 1
c) Malaria
d) Tuberculosis
Answer: b
Explanation: Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks insulin-producing cells.
The causative agent of tetanus is:
a) Clostridium tetani
b) Salmonella typhi
c) Vibrio cholerae
d) Plasmodium vivax
Answer: a
Explanation: Tetanus is caused by the bacterium Clostridium tetani, which affects nerves.
Which of the following vaccines is given orally?
a) DPT
b) BCG
c) Polio
d) Hepatitis B
Answer: c
Explanation: The oral polio vaccine is administered through the mouth.
Which vitamin helps in blood clotting?
a) Vitamin A
b) Vitamin B12
c) Vitamin C
d) Vitamin K
Answer: d
Explanation: Vitamin K is essential for the synthesis of clotting factors in blood.
What is the incubation period of COVID-19 (on average)?
a) 2–3 hours
b) 1–2 days
c) 2–14 days
d) 30 days
Answer: c
Explanation: The average incubation period for COVID-19 is 2 to 14 days.
Who discovered the vaccine for smallpox?
a) Robert Koch
b) Alexander Fleming
c) Edward Jenner
d) Louis Pasteur
Answer: c
Explanation: Edward Jenner developed the first successful vaccine against smallpox.
Which organ is affected by nephritis?
a) Liver
b) Kidney
c) Lungs
d) Heart
Answer: b
Explanation: Nephritis is an inflammation of the kidneys.
Which disease is caused due to protein deficiency in children?
a) Kwashiorkor
b) Marasmus
c) Rickets
d) Anemia
Answer: a
Explanation: Kwashiorkor is a protein deficiency disease seen in children.
Which of the following is a zoonotic disease?
a) Diabetes
b) Rabies
c) Scurvy
d) Rickets
Answer: b
Explanation: Rabies is transmitted from animals to humans, hence a zoonotic disease.
Which bacteria causes pneumonia?
a) Streptococcus pneumoniae
b) Vibrio cholerae
c) Clostridium tetani
d) Treponema pallidum
Answer: a
Explanation: Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major cause of bacterial pneumonia.
Which disease is characterized by high fever, rashes, and body ache?
a) Typhoid
b) Dengue
c) Cholera
d) Tuberculosis
Answer: b
Explanation: Dengue presents with high fever, joint pain, and rashes.
Which test is used for diagnosing tuberculosis?
a) Widal test
b) ELISA
c) Mantoux test
d) PCR
Answer: c
Explanation: Mantoux test is a skin test used to detect TB infection.
Which nutrient deficiency causes anemia?
a) Calcium
b) Iron
c) Vitamin D
d) Zinc
Answer: b
Explanation: Iron deficiency leads to reduced hemoglobin, causing anemia.