Tuglaq dynasty

PYQs (1–20)

Who was the founder of the Tughlaq Dynasty?
a) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
b) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
c) Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq
d) Nasiruddin
✅ Answer: c) Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq
👉 He overthrew Khusro Khan in 1320 and established the Tughlaq Dynasty.
Which Tughlaq Sultan shifted the capital from Delhi to Daulatabad?
a) Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq
b) Firoz Shah
c) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
d) Nasiruddin
✅ Answer: c) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
👉 His decision to shift the capital in 1327 failed due to logistical problems.
Who introduced token currency in India?
a) Alauddin Khilji
b) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
c) Iltutmish
d) Firoz Shah
✅ Answer: b) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
👉 He issued copper coins to be used as silver, which led to massive forgery.
Which Sultan was called a ‘mixture of opposites’?
a) Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq
b) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
c) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
d) Nasiruddin
✅ Answer: c) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
👉 Historians like Barani gave him this title due to his brilliant but impractical policies.
Which Sultan built the Tughlaqabad Fort?
a) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
b) Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq
c) Balban
d) Alauddin Khilji
✅ Answer: b) Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq
👉 He built this fort near Delhi as a defensive structure.
Which Sultan issued copper coins without proper regulation?
a) Iltutmish
b) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
c) Firoz Shah
d) Alauddin
✅ Answer: b) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
👉 Due to lack of control, forged coins flooded the market.
Who translated several Sanskrit works into Persian during Tughlaq rule?
a) Amir Khusrau
b) Ziauddin Barani
c) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
d) Ibn Battuta
✅ Answer: c) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
👉 He promoted learning and got texts like Ayurveda and Shudraka’s works translated.
Which Sultan built canals and dug wells for irrigation?
a) Ghiyasuddin
b) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
c) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
d) Alauddin
✅ Answer: b) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
👉 He focused on improving agriculture and constructed several canals.
Who built the Hauz Khas in Delhi?
a) Alauddin Khilji
b) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
c) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
d) Qutbuddin Aibak
✅ Answer: b) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
👉 He developed the reservoir and added a madrasa around it.
Which Tughlaq ruler established the Diwan-i-Khairat?
a) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
b) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
c) Alauddin
d) Balban
✅ Answer: a) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
👉 This department provided financial assistance to the poor and orphans.
Who was the last ruler of the Tughlaq Dynasty?
a) Mahmud Tughlaq
b) Ghiyasuddin
c) Firoz Shah
d) Nasiruddin
✅ Answer: a) Mahmud Tughlaq
👉 He ruled during the time of Timur's invasion and the fall of the dynasty.
Which Tughlaq ruler invited Ibn Battuta to his court?
a) Firoz Shah
b) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
c) Ghiyasuddin
d) Nasiruddin
✅ Answer: b) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
👉 The Moroccan traveler visited India during his reign and later wrote a detailed account.
Which Sultan created a separate department for public welfare?
a) Ghiyasuddin
b) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
c) Alauddin
d) Balban
✅ Answer: b) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
👉 He formed Diwan-i-Khairat and Diwan-i-Bandagan for welfare and slaves.
Which Tughlaq ruler restored Ashokan pillars to Delhi?
a) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
b) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
c) Ghiyasuddin
d) Nasiruddin
✅ Answer: a) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
👉 He had Ashokan pillars transported and re-erected in Delhi.
Which Sultan's reign saw the maximum expansion of the Delhi Sultanate?
a) Iltutmish
b) Alauddin Khilji
c) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
d) Firoz Shah
✅ Answer: c) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
👉 Though short-lived, he expanded the empire into the Deccan and South.
Which Sultan tried to impose Jizya on Brahmins?
a) Ghiyasuddin
b) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
c) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
d) Sikandar Lodhi
✅ Answer: c) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
👉 He enforced strict Islamic laws and imposed Jizya even on Brahmins.
Which Sultan transferred scholars forcibly to Delhi?
a) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
b) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
c) Alauddin Khilji
d) Bahlol Lodhi
✅ Answer: b) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
👉 He invited and sometimes forced scholars and artisans to come to Delhi.
Which Sultan’s reign is associated with administrative experiments?
a) Iltutmish
b) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
c) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
d) Ghiyasuddin
✅ Answer: c) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
👉 His experiments with taxation, capital shift, and currency were advanced but failed.
Who created employment through public works and irrigation?
a) Balban
b) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
c) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
d) Alauddin
✅ Answer: c) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
👉 He constructed canals and roads to improve infrastructure and generate jobs.
Who built the Kotla Firoz Shah in Delhi?
a) Ghiyasuddin
b) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
c) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
d) Iltutmish
✅ Answer: b) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
👉 This citadel was a major architectural work of his reign.

NCERT-Based Questions (21–35)

Why did Muhammad bin Tughlaq's tax reforms fail?
a) Low rainfall
b) Poor implementation
c) Harsh tax rates
d) All of the above
✅ Answer: d) All of the above
👉 NCERT mentions all these reasons contributed to peasant rebellion.
Which Tughlaq ruler tried to introduce a scientific revenue system?
a) Firoz Shah
b) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
c) Ghiyasuddin
d) Balban
✅ Answer: b) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
👉 NCERT – He attempted rational revenue calculation but failed.
Who was known for shifting capital to Daulatabad?
a) Firoz Shah
b) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
c) Ghiyasuddin
d) Sher Shah
✅ Answer: b) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
👉 NCERT – His plan backfired due to hardship for common people.
Which Sultan ordered the use of copper coins as currency?
a) Firoz Shah
b) Alauddin
c) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
d) Balban
✅ Answer: c) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
👉 NCERT – It caused economic chaos due to widespread forgery.
Who invited Ibn Battuta to serve as Qazi?
a) Ghiyasuddin
b) Alauddin
c) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
d) Firoz Shah
✅ Answer: c) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
👉 NCERT – Ibn Battuta was a judge in Delhi and later ambassador to China.
Who was Barani?
a) Sufi saint
b) Historian
c) Sultan
d) Architect
✅ Answer: b) Historian
👉 NCERT – He wrote 'Tarikh-i-Firozshahi' on Delhi Sultanate rulers.
Which Sultan reimposed Jizya?
a) Iltutmish
b) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
c) Ghiyasuddin
d) Alauddin
✅ Answer: b) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
👉 NCERT – Enforced on Brahmins and non-Muslims.
Which Sultan created a department of slaves (Diwan-i-Bandagan)?
a) Alauddin
b) Balban
c) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
d) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
✅ Answer: c) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
👉 NCERT – Organized and trained a large slave force.
Who constructed irrigation canals from the Yamuna?
a) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
b) Alauddin
c) Muhammad Tughlaq
d) Ghiyasuddin
✅ Answer: a) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
👉 NCERT – Promoted agriculture and improved irrigation facilities.
Which Sultan encouraged building of Madrasas?
a) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
b) Ghiyasuddin
c) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
d) Bahlol Lodhi
✅ Answer: c) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
👉 NCERT – Madrasas promoted Islamic education.
Why did token currency fail under Muhammad bin Tughlaq?
a) Public trust
b) Lack of regulation
c) Forgery
d) All of the above
✅ Answer: d) All of the above
👉 NCERT – Led to economic instability and collapse of currency system.
Which Sultan transferred artisans to Daulatabad?
a) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
b) Firoz Shah
c) Alauddin
d) Ghiyasuddin
✅ Answer: a) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
👉 NCERT – Caused great hardship to artisans and craftsmen.
Who re-erected Ashokan Pillars in Delhi?
a) Ghiyasuddin
b) Muhammad Tughlaq
c) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
d) Qutbuddin
✅ Answer: c) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
👉 NCERT – Brought pillars from Topra and Meerut.
Who made Quran reading compulsory in schools?
a) Balban
b) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
c) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
d) Iltutmish
✅ Answer: b) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
👉 NCERT – Promoted orthodox Islamic education.
Which Sultan was interested in astronomy and medicine?
a) Alauddin
b) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
c) Firoz Shah
d) Bahlol
✅ Answer: b) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
👉 NCERT – He was learned and multilingual, though impractical.

Predicted Questions (36–50)

Which Tughlaq ruler had the largest empire geographically?
a) Alauddin
b) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
c) Firoz Shah
d) Bahlol Lodhi
✅ Answer: b) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
👉 His empire extended from Punjab to Madurai.
Which ruler’s reforms led to peasant revolt?
a) Firoz Shah
b) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
c) Ghiyasuddin
d) Balban
✅ Answer: b) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
👉 Harsh taxation in Doab region caused widespread unrest.
What was the capital of Tughlaq Empire after 1327 (briefly)?
a) Delhi
b) Daulatabad
c) Agra
d) Lahore
✅ Answer: b) Daulatabad
👉 Muhammad bin Tughlaq tried to centralize administration.
Who introduced Arabic coinage standards?
a) Iltutmish
b) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
c) Alauddin
d) Firoz Shah
✅ Answer: b) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
👉 He brought Islamic precision to currency.
Which Sultan faced revolt in Bengal and Deccan?
a) Ghiyasuddin
b) Firoz Shah
c) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
d) Alauddin
✅ Answer: c) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
👉 His overambitious expansion led to rebellions.
Who built the city of Jaunpur?
a) Alauddin
b) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
c) Iltutmish
d) Ghiyasuddin
✅ Answer: b) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
👉 He named it in memory of his cousin.
Who invited Jain and Hindu scholars to his court?
a) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
b) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
c) Alauddin
d) Ghiyasuddin
✅ Answer: b) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
👉 Despite being a Muslim ruler, he encouraged dialogue.
Which Sultan patronized Persian translations of Sanskrit texts?
a) Ghiyasuddin
b) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
c) Balban
d) Alauddin
✅ Answer: b) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
👉 Promoted knowledge transfer and cultural fusion.
Which Sultan’s reforms were administrative disasters?
a) Balban
b) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
c) Firoz Shah
d) Iltutmish
✅ Answer: b) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
👉 Bold reforms failed due to poor execution.
Who succeeded Muhammad bin Tughlaq?
a) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
b) Ghiyasuddin
c) Khusro Khan
d) Bahlol Lodhi
✅ Answer: a) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
👉 He was a cousin who stabilized the empire briefly.
Who ruled during Timur’s invasion?
a) Ghiyasuddin
b) Firoz Shah
c) Mahmud Tughlaq
d) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
✅ Answer: c) Mahmud Tughlaq
👉 He was the last Tughlaq ruler when Timur sacked Delhi in 1398.
Who was known as an orthodox ruler among Tughlaqs?
a) Ghiyasuddin
b) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
c) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
d) Bahlol Lodhi
✅ Answer: b) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
👉 Enforced Islamic laws and expanded religious education.
Why did Daulatabad plan fail?
a) Peasant opposition
b) Nobility refused
c) Distance and lack of water
d) Military resistance
✅ Answer: c) Distance and lack of water
👉 It was too far and caused massive hardship to population.
Who moved Ashokan pillar from Topra to Delhi?
a) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
b) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
c) Ghiyasuddin
d) Iltutmish
✅ Answer: b) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
👉 Displayed it at his Kotla palace.
Which ruler established state charity department?
a) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
b) Ghiyasuddin
c) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
d) Alauddin
✅ Answer: c) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
👉 Diwan-i-Khairat was set up to help orphans and widows.