Ancient Bihar
Ancient Bihar, historically known as Magadha, was a cradle of Indian civilization and a major political, cultural, and religious centre. From the 6th century BCE, it hosted powerful Mahajanapadas like Anga, Magadha, and Vajji. Capitals such as Rajagriha and later Pataliputra became hubs of administration and trade. Bihar witnessed the rise of great dynasties β Haryanka, Shishunaga, Nanda, Maurya, and Gupta β shaping much of Indiaβs history. It was the birthplace of Buddhism (Bodh Gaya) and Jainism, attracting scholars to universities like Nalanda. Rich in rivers, fertile plains, and strategic location, it played a decisive role in unifying the subcontinent.